API RP 14J:2001 pdf download

API RP 14J:2001 pdf download.Recommended Practice for Design and Hazards Analysis for Offshore Production Facilities.
In addition to the recommended surfuce safety system instruments and controls, pressure indicators should be installed in the discharge piping of all pumps to monitor performance. In some applications, pressure indicators in pump suction piping should also be considered. Vibration sensors should be considered to shut down the driver on high vibration on reciprocating pumps and large high speed centrifugal pumps. Pump suction piping should have the same pressure rating as the discharge piping or be protected by a relief valve. Pump suction piping may be equipped with temporary in-line strainers to prevent contaminants from entering the pump during start up.
Single mechanical seals should be considered on centrifugal pumps in low-pressure hydrocarbon service. Consideration should be given to the use of tandem mechanical seals in high pressure hydrocarbon applications. Seal arrangements should be compatible with API Standard 610, and external cooling systems should be provided for hot service applications
Where a minimum flow is recommended by the pump manufacturer or where there is a possibility of a control valve blocking the discharge of the pump without shutting down the pump, a minimum flow by-pass hack to the pump suction source or other appropriate location should be incorporated into the design for each pump to protect the pumped fluid from overhcating and vaporizing.
3.3.6 Compressors
Some of the types of gas compressors that are utilized in off.shorc production facilities include integral engine-driven reciprocating units; low, medium and high-speed separable reciprocating units; and centrifugal units. Compressor drivers include reciprocating engines, gas turbines and electrical motors (single speed or variable speed). The following may be considered in the design, materials selection, fabrication, inspection and testing of compressors: API Standard 618 for reciprocating compressors. API Standard 617 for centrifugal compressors. and API Specification lIP for packaged high- speed separable engine driven reciprocating gas compressors. However, since there arc so many dilkrcnt designs and manufacturers, many requirements of the standards may not be applicable. Operator experience and prctrences should be applied to the design as appropriate.
For separable units, the compressor. ge-ar unit (if applicablc) and driver should be mounted on a rigid structural steel skkt The skid design should provide sufficient rigidity to maintain compressor, gear and driver alignment and prevent local resonance. Compressor skids, integral units or compressor packages should be adequately connected to the supporting platform’s structure in a manner that will provide continuity of structural action. Compressor suction and discharge piping should be adequately supported while compensating 11w mechanical and thermal loads so as to not impose undue forces and moments on the piping. compressor cylinders and frames. Piping should be securely anchored and braced to prevent piping damage from thtigue due to vibrations or pressure pulsations. Consideration should be given to providing overhead access for maintenance of compressors. drivers and all ancillary equipment.
Mcchanical and acoustical pulsation studies which include all piping. vessels and coolers should be considered for reciprocating compressors. Pulsation suppression devices may be installed on suction and discharge of the compressor cylinders where appropriate. Pulsation suppression devices should be accessible for inspection and fitted with connections for routine checking of liquid build up.
Inlet piping and equipment to each stage should consider designs to prevent liquids from entering the compressor suetions. If possible, suction scrubbers should be located close to the compressor to minimize overhead piping and supports. Compressor suction piping should have the same pressure rating as the discharge piping or be protected by a relief valve.
Compressor stations or each stage of compression should be supplied with recycle valves (surge valves on centriftigal compressors) to protect the compressors from mechanical damage.
In addition to the recommended surface safety system instruments and controls, vibration sensors should be considered to shut down the driver on high vibration. Pressure and temperature indicators should also be considered in the suction and discharge of each cylinder as a way to monitor performance. External pressure connections on suction and discharge may be provided by the manuticturer for both the head and crank ends of each cylinder for compression test equipment. Compressor inlet connections should be provided with temporary screens or strainers to present contaminants from entering the compressor during start-up. All compressor instruments and controls should be mounted and supported in a manner so as to provide for proper operation of the devices without damage due to vibration.